NEET Biology: Plant Growth and Development Practice Questions
14 free multiple-choice questions on Plant Growth and Development for NEET Biology, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more Plant Growth and Development questions in the app →Q1. Which tissue is characterized by high levels of cytokinin activity to facilitate rapid cell division?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A — Meristem
Meristematic tissues are regions of active cell division, and they respond strongly to growth regulators like cytokinin to facilitate rapid cell proliferation.
Q2. Which type of plant tissue is highly sensitive to the presence of cytokinin for cell division?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D — Meristem
Meristematic tissues, which are areas of active cell division, are highly responsive to cytokinins to promote cell division.
Q3. Which of the following processes involves the formation of new tissues by the division and differentiation of meristematic cells?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B — Differentiation
Differentiation is the process where undifferentiated cells, typically found in meristems, mature and specialize into different functional cell types, leading to growth and development.
Q4. Which physiological effect is associated with the presence of gibberellins in the growth zone of a plant?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A — Promotion of cell elongation
The presence of GA promotes the elongation of cells, which is a key mechanism for overall plant growth.
Q5. Which of the following accurately represents the sequential order of events during the growth phase of a plant cell leading up to cell division?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C — Interphase (G1 → S → G2) followed by Mitosis
The normal sequence for cell growth and division (mitosis) involves the Interphase (G1, S, G2 phases) which prepares the cell, followed by the M phase (Mitosis). G1 initiates growth, S synthesizes DNA, and G2 prepares for division.
Q6. The primary function of cytokinin in plant development is related to the promotion of:
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C — Cell division
As a growth regulator, cytokinin's main action is stimulating cell division, which leads to increased cell number and subsequent growth.
Q7. In plant cell development, which event must be successfully completed before the cell transitions from the G2 phase to the M phase (mitosis)?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A — Cell cycle checkpoint satisfaction
Before the cell can enter mitosis (M phase) from G2, all necessary preparatory events, including DNA replication and satisfaction of regulatory checkpoints, must be completed.
Q8. In plant growth, ethylene primarily promotes which developmental feature?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D — Senescence
Ethylene is strongly associated with senescence (aging and deterioration), especially in plant parts like leaves and fruits.
Q9. Which process involves the change in cell fate where a specialized cell reverts to an undifferentiated state, typically a meristematic cell?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A — Dedifferentiation
Dedifferentiation is the process where a specialized cell loses its differentiation and reverts to an undifferentiated state (like a meristem), which is crucial for new growth or regeneration.
Q10. Ethylene acts primarily by which mechanism to exert its effects on plant cells?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A — Activation of secondary messengers
Ethylene exerts its effects by binding to specific receptors on the cell membrane, initiating a signaling cascade within the cell.
Q11. If the concentration of auxin applied to a shoot is significantly increased, what is the expected immediate effect on the shoot?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C — Faster stem elongation
Increased auxin concentration in the shoot leads to enhanced cell elongation, thus promoting faster stem growth.
Q12. ABA interacts with other growth regulators in plants. Which group of hormones does ABA generally oppose during growth phases?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A — Gibberellins
ABA generally acts antagonistically to growth-promoting hormones like Gibberellins (GA) and Auxins to enforce stress responses or dormancy.
Q13. What is the prerequisite stage that must occur before cell differentiation can take place in a plant cell?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B — Cell division
Cell division (mitosis) must occur first to create the necessary cells for subsequent differentiation and growth.
Q14. Which of the following is the primary role of cytokinin in plant growth and development?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D — To promote cell division
Cytokinin is a major growth regulator that promotes cell division (cytokinesis) and cell differentiation in plants.
Keep going — practice on Padhai Karlo
Padhai Karlo gives you unlimited NEET practice: chapter-wise questions, timed quizzes, and full mock tests with an All-India Rank — free to start.
Get the free Android app →