NEET Biology: Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation Practice Questions
14 free multiple-choice questions on Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation (Plant Growth and Development) for NEET Biology, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. Which of the following processes involves the formation of new tissues by the division and differentiation of meristematic cells?
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Correct answer: B — Differentiation
Differentiation is the process where undifferentiated cells, typically found in meristems, mature and specialize into different functional cell types, leading to growth and development.
Q2. Which process involves the change in cell fate where a specialized cell reverts to an undifferentiated state, typically a meristematic cell?
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Correct answer: A — Dedifferentiation
Dedifferentiation is the process where a specialized cell loses its differentiation and reverts to an undifferentiated state (like a meristem), which is crucial for new growth or regeneration.
Q3. If a specialized cell dedifferentiates and then re-differentiates into a different type of cell, this sequence demonstrates:
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Correct answer: B — Dedifferentiation and redifferentiation
The process involves losing specialization (dedifferentiation) followed by regaining a new specialization (redifferentiation).
Q4. Which type of plant tissue is primarily responsible for indeterminate growth in plants?
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Correct answer: C — Meristematic tissue
Meristematic tissues are regions of actively dividing cells that are responsible for primary growth (elongation) in plants.
Q5. Stem cells maintain the ability to differentiate into various tissues. This inherent ability to change state is primarily linked to which concept?
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Correct answer: B — Dedifferentiation
Stem cells possess the potential to dedifferentiate and then redifferentiate into different cell types, allowing for tissue repair and growth.
Q6. If a cell differentiates into a mature root hair cell, and subsequently, through an external stimulus, it reverts to a state capable of forming new meristematic tissue, this sequence involves:
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Correct answer: D — Dedifferentiation then Differentiation
The sequence described (differentiation -> dedifferentiation -> new differentiation) involves the interplay of these three processes in plant growth and repair.
Q7. When cells differentiate into specialized tissues, they lose the ability to participate in unrestricted division. This loss of proliferative capacity is characteristic of which state?
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Correct answer: A — Differentiated state
Differentiated cells have specialized functions and generally lose the ability to undergo cell division, unlike meristematic cells.
Q8. The plasticity of plant cells, allowing them to change their fate under specific environmental cues, is most closely associated with which developmental concept?
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Correct answer: D — Dedifferentiation and Redifferentiation
The ability of cells to change their developmental pathway, including reverting to an undifferentiated state and reforming specialized ones, highlights the concepts of dedifferentiation and redifferentiation.
Q9. Which term describes the process where a differentiated cell reverts back to a specific specialized form?
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Correct answer: C — Redifferentiation
Redifferentiation is the process where a cell reverts to a previously established specialized state, often seen in developmental processes.
Q10. Which process involves a specialized cell reverting back to an unspecialized state, often observed during tissue regeneration?
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Correct answer: A — Dedifferentiation
Dedifferentiation is the process where a specialized cell loses its specific characteristics and reverts to an undifferentiated state, which is crucial for regeneration.
Q11. If cells of a mature organ undergo dedifferentiation, what is the subsequent process that leads to the reformation of the original specialized tissue?
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Correct answer: D — Redifferentiation
Redifferentiation is the process by which dedifferentiated cells regain their specialized structure and function, allowing for tissue repair or organ reformation.
Q12. Differentiation in plants is primarily driven by the activity of cells in which region?
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Correct answer: C — Apical meristems
Differentiation and growth are initiated and controlled by the highly active, dividing cells found in the meristematic regions, especially the apical meristems.
Q13. Which type of meristem is primarily responsible for the increase in length of the plant axis (primary growth)?
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Correct answer: A — Apical meristem
The apical meristem is located at the tips of the roots and shoots and is responsible for the increase in the primary length of the plant.
Q14. In plant tissue culture, the formation of undifferentiated, proliferating mass of cells, such as callus, is an example of:
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Correct answer: C — Dedifferentiation
Callus formation represents a state of dedifferentiation where mature cells revert to an undifferentiated, rapidly dividing state.
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