NEET Biology: Ecology and Environment Practice Questions
14 free multiple-choice questions on Ecology and Environment for NEET Biology, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more Ecology and Environment questions in the app →Q1. A large number of interconnected species living in a particular area is known as:
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Correct answer: A — Biodiversity
Biodiversity is the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, encompassing genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity.
Q2. The flow of energy in an ecosystem is typically unidirectional. This direction of flow is best described as:
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Correct answer: C — Linear
Energy flows in one direction (from producers to consumers to decomposers) and is lost as heat at each trophic level, making the flow unidirectional.
Q3. In a predator-prey relationship, if the prey population increases rapidly, what is the immediate effect on the predator population?
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Correct answer: D — Predator population increases
An increase in prey availability generally leads to an increase in the predator population, assuming resources are sufficient.
Q4. The relationship between producers and consumers in an ecosystem is best described as a flow of energy. What is the direction of this energy flow?
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Correct answer: B — From producers to consumers
Energy flows from producers (autotrophs) to primary consumers, then to secondary consumers, and so on, hence the flow is from producers to consumers.
Q5. In an inter-specific competition scenario, when two different species vie for the same limited resource, the outcome often leads to the exclusion of the weaker competitor. This principle is known as:
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Correct answer: B — Competitive Exclusion Principle
The Competitive Exclusion Principle states that two species competing for the exact same limited resource cannot coexist indefinitely; one will eventually eliminate the other.
Q6. The specific role or position an organism occupies within its environment, including its interactions with other species, is known as its:
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Correct answer: A — Niche
The niche describes the functional role and ecological position an organism occupies in its ecosystem.
Q7. Which term describes the maximum population size of a species that the environment can sustain indefinitely
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Correct answer: A — Carrying capacity
Carrying capacity (K) is the maximum population size that an environment can support indefinitely, considering limited resources.
Q8. Which conservation strategy focuses on maintaining genetic resources outside their natural habitats?
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Correct answer: D — Ex-situ conservation
Ex-situ conservation involves conserving biodiversity outside its natural habitat, such as in botanical gardens or gene banks.
Q9. Which term describes the environmental capacity of an area to support a given population indefinitely?
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Correct answer: A — Carrying Capacity
Carrying capacity is the maximum population size that an environment can sustain over the long term.
Q10. What is the primary role of biodiversity in providing essential ecosystem services?
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Correct answer: B — Maintaining ecological balance and resource availability
Biodiversity ensures the stability of ecosystems, which in turn provides essential services like regulating climate and providing clean water.
Q11. Which of the following terms refers to the variety of life found in a particular habitat or ecosystem?
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Correct answer: A — Species diversity
Species diversity refers to the variety of different species present in a particular area. Ecosystem diversity relates to the variety of different ecosystems. Genetic diversity refers to the variation within a single species.
Q12. A habitat where a specific community of different organisms interacts with each other and their physical environment constitutes a(n):
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Correct answer: B — Ecosystem
An ecosystem is defined as the interaction between a biological community and its physical environment.
Q13. Which term refers to the physical space or environment where an organism lives?
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Correct answer: B — Habitat
Habitat is the specific physical place or environment where an organism lives.
Q14. The transfer of energy from one trophic level to the next in an ecosystem is typically inefficient. What is the approximate energy transfer efficiency?
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Correct answer: A — 10%
Only about 10% of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, with the rest being lost as heat or used for metabolic processes.
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