NEET Biology: Exchange of gases Practice Questions
15 free multiple-choice questions on Exchange of gases (Human Physiology) for NEET Biology, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. Which component of blood is primarily responsible for transporting the majority of oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body?
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Correct answer: B — Red blood cells
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds reversibly with oxygen, thus facilitating its transport throughout the circulatory system.
Q2. Hemoglobin in red blood cells is primarily responsible for the transport of which gas in the circulatory system?
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Correct answer: D — Oxygen
Hemoglobin contains iron, which binds reversibly with oxygen, allowing it to be effectively transported from the lungs to the rest of the body tissues.
Q3. During normal resting conditions, the exchange of gases occurs passively across the respiratory membrane due to the difference in:
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Correct answer: A — Concentration of gases
Gas exchange occurs by simple diffusion, which is driven by the difference in the partial pressures (concentrations) of the gases in the inspired air and the blood.
Q4. The primary driving force for the movement of oxygen from the alveoli into the pulmonary blood is the difference in:
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Correct answer: B — Partial pressure of oxygen
Gas exchange is governed by the principle of diffusion, which is driven by the difference in partial pressure of the gas across a membrane.
Q5. Which part of the respiratory system is primarily responsible for the actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood?
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Correct answer: D — Alveoli
The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the diffusion of gases (oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood) takes place.
Q6. The partial pressure of oxygen in the pulmonary artery is generally higher than the partial pressure of oxygen in the systemic tissues. This difference is crucial for which physiological process?
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Correct answer: A — Diffusion of oxygen into the blood
The higher partial pressure of O2 in the pulmonary artery compared to systemic tissues creates a favorable pressure gradient, which drives the diffusion of oxygen from the lungs into the bloodstream.
Q7. Which muscle is crucial for the process of inhalation (breathing in)?
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Correct answer: B — Diaphragm
The diaphragm is the principal muscle of inspiration, contracting and moving downwards to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity, facilitating inhalation.
Q8. Which muscle is the principal muscle involved in the mechanical process of inhalation (breathing in)?
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Correct answer: D — Diaphragm
The diaphragm is the most important muscle for breathing, as its contraction increases the volume of the thoracic cavity, drawing air into the lungs.
Q9. In the systemic circulation, the majority of oxygen is transported in the blood bound to which component?
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Correct answer: B — Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin, found in red blood cells, binds reversibly with oxygen and is the main transporter of oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues.
Q10. Which of the following structures is primarily responsible for providing the large surface area necessary for efficient exchange of gases between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries?
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Correct answer: B — Alveolar sacs
The alveolar sacs form the vast network of alveoli, which provide the enormous surface area where the diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood occurs.
Q11. The diffusion of gases across the alveolar membrane relies on the principle of which physical law?
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Correct answer: A — Fick's Law of Diffusion
Gas diffusion across a membrane is governed by Fick's Law of Diffusion, which states that the rate of diffusion is proportional to the surface area and the difference in partial pressure.
Q12. The process of gas exchange across the respiratory membrane is fundamentally driven by the difference in which property?
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Correct answer: A — Concentration of gas
Gas exchange (diffusion) occurs whenever there is a difference in the partial pressure of a gas between two areas, leading to the movement of that gas from the area of higher pressure to the area of lower pressure.
Q13. The volume of air that enters the lungs during a normal, quiet inspiration is known as which term?
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Correct answer: D — Tidal volume
Tidal volume (TV) is the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during normal, resting breathing.
Q14. The primary driving force for the inhalation of air is the difference in the partial pressure of which gas?
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Correct answer: B — Oxygen
Inhalation occurs because the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is higher than the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood, causing oxygen to diffuse into the blood.
Q15. The diffusion of oxygen from the alveoli into the pulmonary capillary blood is primarily driven by the difference in what?
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Correct answer: B — Partial pressure of oxygen
Diffusion occurs based on the partial pressure gradient. Oxygen moves from the area of higher partial pressure (alveoli) to the area of lower partial pressure (blood).
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