NEET Biology: Disorders of circulatory system-Angina pectoris Practice Questions

Q1. During stable angina, the chest pain is primarily caused by the imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand during physical exertion. What is the main underlying structural issue causing this limitation?

• ASudden blockage of the coronary arteries
• BIncreased heart rate leading to systemic hypoxia
• CAcute rupture of a thrombus
• DFixed narrowing of coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis

Q2. Angina Pectoris is primarily caused by what physiological event in the heart muscle?

• ADecreased blood pressure
• BHypertrophy of the left ventricle
• CIschemia due to insufficient oxygen supply
• DIncreased heart rate

Q3. The underlying pathological process leading to the development of coronary artery disease, which causes angina, is primarily:

• AHypertrophy of the atrial muscle
• BAtherosclerosis of the coronary arteries
• CHyperplasia of the cardiac tissue
• DInflammation of the valve leaflets

Q4. Which of the following conditions primarily leads to myocardial ischemia in the context of angina pectoris?

• Aincreased myocardial oxygen demand
• Breduced coronary blood flow
• Cdecreased blood pressure
• Dincreased sympathetic tone

Q5. The pain experienced during angina is typically described as:

• ACrushing pain in the back
• BSharp, stabbing pain
• CBurning sensation in the throat
• DTightness, pressure, or squeezing sensation

Q6. What is the key distinction between stable angina and unstable angina regarding the severity and predictability of the chest pain?

• AStable angina involves inflammation, unstable angina involves thrombosis.
• BStable angina is always caused by blockages, unstable angina by spasm.
• CStable angina is predictable, occurring with exertion and relieved by rest, unstable angina is unpredictable and occurs at rest.
• DStable angina occurs only during rest, unstable angina during exertion.

Q7. Angina is often triggered by an imbalance between:

• ACardiac output and peripheral resistance
• BSystolic and diastolic blood pressure
• CBlood volume and pressure
• DOxygen supply and oxygen demand

Q8. Which layer of the heart wall is most frequently affected during a myocardial ischemia leading to angina?

• APericardium
• BMyocardium
• CEndocardium
• DEpicardium

Q9. Atherosclerosis, the underlying cause of most coronary artery disease, involves the buildup of which substance within the arterial walls?

• AElastin
• BPlaque (fats and cholesterol)
• CCollagen
• DMyosin

Q10. Which vessel is primarily responsible for supplying blood to the heart muscle itself (myocardium)?

• AAorta
• BCoronary arteries
• CVena Cava
• DPulmonary artery

Q11. The main physiological consequence of myocardial ischemia during an angina attack is:

• AIncreased cardiac contractility
• BDecreased blood pressure
• CIncreased sympathetic response leading to relaxation
• DReduced ATP production and cellular hypoxia

Q12. The sensation of chest pain in angina is typically localized to which region?

• AChest
• BUpper abdomen
• CBack
• DLeft shoulder

Q13. Which of the following factors generally triggers the onset of angina in patients with underlying coronary artery disease?

• Aphysical exertion
• Bemotional stress
• Cprolonged rest
• Dheavy lifting

Q14. Atherosclerosis is the underlying process responsible for the development of most coronary artery diseases. This process involves the buildup of which substance in the artery walls?

• Acholesterol and fat
• Bcalcium deposits
• Ciron oxide
• Dfibrin and platelets

Q15. Which major blood vessel is typically narrowed or blocked in cases of coronary artery disease leading to angina?

• AAorta
• BCarotid artery
• CPulmonary artery
• DCoronary arteries