NEET Biology: blood groups Practice Questions
15 free multiple-choice questions on blood groups (Human Physiology) for NEET Biology, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. Which component of blood is primarily responsible for blood clotting?
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Correct answer: D — D Platelets
Platelets (thrombocytes) are cell fragments that play a crucial role in the process of blood clotting by initiating the formation of a clot when a blood vessel is damaged.
Q2. Which situation poses the greatest risk of severe transfusion reaction due to incompatibility between blood groups?
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Correct answer: C — Transfusion of Rh-positive blood to Rh-negative recipient
Incompatibility, particularly the mismatch between Rh factors (e.g., Rh+ donor to Rh- recipient), causes a strong immune response and potential hemolytic disease of the newborn.
Q3. If a patient has blood group O, which type of antibodies can they possess in their plasma?
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Correct answer: B — Both Anti-A and Anti-B
Individuals with blood group O possess both anti-A and anti-B antibodies, making them potential recipients of both A and B blood types.
Q4. The blood group system is primarily determined by the presence or absence of which molecules on the red blood cell surface?
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Correct answer: A — Antigens
Blood groups are determined by the presence or absence of specific carbohydrate markers called antigens (A and B) on the surface of the red blood cells.
Q5. What is the primary role of blood group testing in medical practice?
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Correct answer: C — To guide blood donation and prevent transfusion reactions
Blood group testing is crucial for ensuring compatibility during blood transfusions, thereby preventing dangerous hemolytic reactions.
Q6. If a person with blood group B receives blood from a donor with blood group O, what will happen when their blood is mixed?
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Correct answer: B — Agglutination will occur due to the presence of anti-B antibodies in the recipient's plasma.
Blood group B has A and B antigens on the RBCs. The recipient's plasma contains anti-A and anti-B antibodies. Since the O donor blood lacks A and B antigens, the anti-A and anti-B antibodies will react with the O cells, causing agglutination (clumping).
Q7. The Rh factor is an antigen found on the red blood cell surface. If a mother is Rh-negative, what is the most critical concern during pregnancy?
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Correct answer: A — Increased risk of Rh incompatibility (Hemolytic disease of the fetus)
If an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus, the Rh factor mismatch can lead to the mother developing antibodies against the fetus's blood, causing hemolytic disease of the fetus (HD).
Q8. Which antibody is naturally present in the plasma of Type B blood?
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Correct answer: D — Anti-B
Individuals with Type B blood naturally produce anti-B antibodies in their plasma, which is a characteristic of the ABO system.
Q9. What is the primary antigen present on the surface of red blood cells of Type A blood?
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Correct answer: B — A antigen
Type A blood cells possess the A antigen on their surface, which is the defining feature of the A blood group.
Q10. The fundamental principle of blood transfusion compatibility relies on the interaction between which two components?
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Correct answer: B — Antibodies and Antigens
Blood compatibility is based on the interaction between antibodies present in the plasma and antigens present on the surface of the red blood cells (RBCs).
Q11. Which blood group is often referred to as the universal recipient because its plasma contains no anti-A or anti-B antibodies?
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Correct answer: A — Blood Group AB
Blood group AB individuals do not have anti-A or anti-B antibodies in their plasma, allowing them to receive blood from any other group (universal recipient).
Q12. The Rh factor is a specific type of antigen found on the red blood cell surface. Which type of blood group is typically associated with the presence of the Rh factor?
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Correct answer: A — Blood group AB
The Rh factor (D antigen) is generally present in blood group O and the AB blood groups, but the key concept is identifying which types possess this marker. (Note: While O is the most common carrier background, this tests knowledge about antigen presence).
Q13. The ABO blood group is primarily determined by the presence or absence of which molecules on the red blood cell surface?
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Correct answer: B — Antigens A and B
The ABO blood group is determined by the presence or absence of A and B antigens, which are determined by the ABO gene inherited from the parents.
Q14. The Rh factor is classified as what type of biological marker found on the red blood cells?
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Correct answer: C — Antigen
The Rh factor is an antigen (a marker) found on the surface of the red blood cells.
Q15. Which blood group is known as the universal recipient?
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Correct answer: C — AB
The AB blood group is the universal recipient because it lacks anti-A and anti-B antibodies, allowing it to receive blood from all other groups without reaction.
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