NEET Biology: Composition of blood Practice Questions
15 free multiple-choice questions on Composition of blood (Human Physiology) for NEET Biology, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. Which component constitutes the largest volume fraction in human blood?
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Correct answer: D — Plasma
Plasma is the fluid component of blood and constitutes the largest volume fraction, making up about 55% of the total blood volume.
Q2. What is the main protein found in plasma?
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Correct answer: B — Albumin
Albumin is the most abundant protein in plasma, playing crucial roles in maintaining osmotic pressure and transporting various substances.
Q3. Which of the following components of blood is primarily responsible for the process of blood clotting?
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Correct answer: D — Platelets
Platelets (thrombocytes) are small, anucleated cell fragments found in the blood plasma. They are crucial for hemostasis, initiating the process of clotting when a blood vessel is damaged.
Q4. What is the major component of plasma that acts as the medium for transporting dissolved nutrients and waste products?
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Correct answer: A — Water
Water constitutes the largest proportion of plasma and acts as the solvent or medium in which all solutes, nutrients, and waste products are transported.
Q5. Which type of blood cell is primarily responsible for initiating the process of blood clotting?
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Correct answer: B — Platelets
Platelets (thrombocytes) are crucial cellular fragments that adhere to damaged blood vessels and initiate the coagulation cascade to form a clot.
Q6. Which cell type primarily functions in the immune defense system?
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Correct answer: C — Leukocytes
Leukocytes (WBCs) are the cellular components of the immune system, playing a central role in defending the body against pathogens.
Q7. Which of the following components constitutes the largest volume fraction in the total blood volume (plasma and formed elements)?
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Correct answer: B — Plasma
Plasma constitutes the largest volume fraction of the total blood volume, making up approximately 55% of the total blood volume.
Q8. The majority of the plasma proteins are synthesized by which organ?
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Correct answer: C — Liver
The liver is the main site where most plasma proteins, such as albumin and clotting factors, are synthesized and secreted.
Q9. Which component of blood is primarily responsible for the transport of oxygen?
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Correct answer: B — Red blood cells
Red blood cells (RBCs), containing haemoglobin, are responsible for binding and transporting oxygen throughout the body.
Q10. Which protein is the most abundant protein found in plasma?
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Correct answer: B — Albumin
Albumin is the most abundant protein in plasma, playing a major role in maintaining osmotic pressure.
Q11. Approximately what percentage of the total blood volume is occupied by plasma?
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Correct answer: A — 70-80%
Plasma constitutes about 55% to 60% of the total blood volume, making it the fluid matrix of the blood.
Q12. Which protein is primarily responsible for the oxygen transport in the blood?
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Correct answer: B — Haemoglobin
Haemoglobin, found inside Red Blood Cells, is the protein responsible for binding oxygen in the lungs and transporting it throughout the body.
Q13. Which type of blood cell is responsible for fighting infection and immunity?
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Correct answer: B — Neutrophils (a type of WBC)
White blood cells (WBCs), including neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, are the key components of the immune system that defend the body against pathogens.
Q14. Which of the following is the fluid component of blood, which is mainly composed of water and dissolved solutes?
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Correct answer: A — Plasma
Plasma is the liquid matrix of the blood, excluding blood cells, and is the medium in which nutrients, hormones, and waste are transported.
Q15. What constitutes the majority of the volume of blood?
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Correct answer: D — Plasma
Plasma is the liquid matrix component of blood, making up about 55% of the total blood volume.
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