NEET Biology: Cell division (Cell cycle mitosis meiosis) Practice Questions
15 free multiple-choice questions on Cell division (Cell cycle mitosis meiosis) (Cell Structure and Function) for NEET Biology, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. In which stage of mitosis do the sister chromatids align themselves along the equatorial plane of the cell?
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Correct answer: A — Metaphase
Metaphase is the stage where the chromosomes are maximally condensed and aligned at the metaphase plate (equator).
Q2. Meiosis results in the production of cells that are genetically different from the parent cell. This process is primarily responsible for which phenomenon?
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Correct answer: B — Genetic variation
Meiosis generates genetic variation through crossing over and independent assortment, resulting in genetically diverse gametes.
Q3. The primary function of meiosis is to produce gametes, which involves which change in genetic material?
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Correct answer: C — Reduction in chromosome number
Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half to produce gametes, ensuring that the resulting cells have the appropriate haploid number.
Q4. Which process leads to the separation of sister chromatids during anaphase of mitosis?
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Correct answer: D — Separation of chromosomes
During anaphase of mitosis, the sister chromatids, which were joined at the centromere, are pulled apart to opposite poles.
Q5. If a diploid organism has 2n=12 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be present in its gametes after meiosis?
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Correct answer: C — 6
In meiosis, the chromosome number is halved. Therefore, the resulting gametes will have n=6 chromosomes.
Q6. A diploid somatic cell (2n) divides by mitosis to produce daughter cells that are also 2n. This process is characteristic of which type of division?
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Correct answer: B — Mitosis
Mitosis is the process of asexual cell division that maintains the chromosome number; it produces genetically identical diploid cells.
Q7. The process of separation of sister chromatids occurs during which phase of cell division?
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Correct answer: C — Anaphase I
Anaphase is the stage characterized by the separation of sister chromatids, which occurs during both Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
Q8. Which type of cell division is primarily responsible for growth and repair in multicellular organisms?
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Correct answer: C — Mitosis
Mitosis is the process of somatic cell division, which results in two identical diploid cells, essential for growth and repair.
Q9. Which type of cell division is responsible for growth and repair in multicellular organisms?
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Correct answer: A — Mitosis
Mitosis is the process of nuclear division that results in two genetically identical diploid cells, primarily used for growth, repair, and tissue regeneration.
Q10. During which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes align themselves along the equatorial plane of the cell?
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Correct answer: A — Metaphase
Metaphase is the stage where chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate, preparing for the separation phase.
Q11. Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the formation of which type of cells?
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Correct answer: C — Haploid cells
Meiosis results in the formation of four haploid cells (gametes) from a single diploid cell, which is crucial for sexual reproduction.
Q12. The primary purpose of mitosis in multicellular organisms is to ensure:
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Correct answer: A — Growth and repair
Mitosis is essential for growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction by producing genetically identical somatic cells.
Q13. In which phase of the cell cycle do the chromosomes align at the equatorial plate of the cell?
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Correct answer: B — Metaphase
Metaphase is the stage where the chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate (equator) of the cell, preparing for separation during Anaphase.
Q14. Meiosis results in the formation of daughter cells that are genetically distinct from the parent cell. What is the primary result of Meiosis?
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Correct answer: A — Genetic variation and reduction in chromosome number
Meiosis produces genetically diverse gametes with half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell.
Q15. How many cells are produced as the result of a single round of mitotic cell division starting from one parent cell?
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Correct answer: A — Three
Mitosis is a process of division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell.
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