NEET Biology: Human endocrine system-Pancreas Practice Questions
12 free multiple-choice questions on Human endocrine system-Pancreas (Chemical Coordination and Regulation) for NEET Biology, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. Glucagon's main function in the body is to promote:
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Correct answer: D — Increase in blood glucose
Glucagon signals the liver to break down stored glycogen into glucose, thus increasing blood glucose levels.
Q2. Glucagon is a hormone secreted by which specific cells within the Islets of Langerhans to manage blood sugar?
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Correct answer: B — Alpha cells
Glucagon is secreted by the alpha cells, which acts to raise blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis in the liver.
Q3. The hormone glucagon is secreted by which specific cells of the pancreas?
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Correct answer: C — Alpha cells
Alpha cells within the Islets of Langerhans secrete glucagon, which raises blood glucose levels when they are low.
Q4. Which pancreatic hormone is primarily responsible for promoting the breakdown of fats and proteins for energy storage, indirectly influencing blood glucose levels?
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Correct answer: B — Glucagon
Glucagon, acting on the liver, promotes the breakdown of stored fats and proteins (via gluconeogenesis) to release glucose into the circulation.
Q5. In a state of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), which hormone does the pancreatic alpha cell primarily release to correct the imbalance?
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Correct answer: C — Glucagon
Hypoglycemia triggers the alpha cells of the pancreas to release glucagon, which signals the liver to release stored glucose, thereby raising blood sugar levels.
Q6. Which of the following hormones secreted by the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas has the primary role in lowering blood glucose levels?
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Correct answer: A — Insulin
Insulin, secreted by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans, acts to promote the uptake of glucose by cells, thereby lowering blood glucose concentration. Glucagon raises blood glucose levels.
Q7. Which hormone, secreted by the pancreatic islets, acts to decrease blood glucose concentration by promoting glucose uptake by cells?
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Correct answer: A — Insulin
Insulin is the key hormone secreted by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans, which lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose uptake.
Q8. When blood glucose levels are elevated, the pancreatic beta cells respond by increasing the secretion of which hormone to achieve glucose homeostasis?
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Correct answer: B — Insulin
Elevated blood glucose stimulates the beta cells to secrete insulin, which facilitates the uptake of glucose by peripheral tissues.
Q9. Which component of the endocrine system is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels through the secretion of hormones by the pancreas?
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Correct answer: A — Pancreas
The pancreas is the primary endocrine organ responsible for regulating blood glucose homeostasis through the secretion of insulin and glucagon.
Q10. The beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas are responsible for secreting which key hormone?
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Correct answer: A — Insulin
The beta cells produce insulin, which plays the primary role in lowering blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake by cells.
Q11. Which cell type in the Islets of Langerhans secretes insulin?
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Correct answer: C — Beta cells
Beta cells in the Islets of Langerhans are responsible for secreting insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels.
Q12. Which hormone secreted by the pancreatic islets primarily acts to lower blood glucose levels?
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Correct answer: D — Insulin
Insulin is the key hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans, which promotes the uptake of glucose by cells and storage as glycogen.
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