NEET Biology: Human endocrine system-Gonads Practice Questions
15 free multiple-choice questions on Human endocrine system-Gonads (Chemical Coordination and Regulation) for NEET Biology, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. The negative feedback mechanism in the reproductive axis ensures that the secretion of which hormones is regulated?
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Correct answer: A — Gonadotropins (LH/FSH)
High levels of sex hormones (like estrogen and testosterone) inhibit the release of GnRH, FSH, and LH from the hypothalamus and pituitary.
Q2. The site where oogenesis (egg formation) occurs in females is the ovarian follicle. Where does the majority of oocyte maturation take place?
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Correct answer: C — Ovary
Oogenesis, the process of oocyte maturation, occurs within the ovaries, specifically inside the ovarian follicles.
Q3. The regulation of the reproductive system is primarily controlled by the interaction between which two endocrine glands?
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Correct answer: D — Pituitary and Gonads
The Hypothalamus initiates the process by releasing GnRH, which stimulates the Anterior Pituitary to release FSH and LH, thereby regulating the gonads.
Q4. Which cell in the testes is primarily responsible for synthesizing testosterone, responding to the influence of LH?
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Correct answer: A — Leydig cells
Leydig cells (or interstitial cells) are located between the seminiferous tubules and are stimulated by LH to produce and secrete testosterone. Sertoli cells are crucial for supporting spermatogenesis.
Q5. Which hormone is predominantly responsible for maintaining the menstrual cycle in females?
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Correct answer: B — Progesterone
Progesterone is essential for preparing the uterine lining for potential implantation and maintaining the uterine cycle during the reproductive phase.
Q6. The primary function of testosterone in the male reproductive system is to promote the development of which structures?
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Correct answer: A — Spermatogenesis and secondary male characteristics
Testosterone is essential for the development of male reproductive organs and the process of spermatogenesis, along with the development of male secondary sexual characteristics.
Q7. Which hormone plays the primary role in stimulating the development and maturation of ovarian follicles in females?
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Correct answer: A — Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is secreted by the anterior pituitary and acts on the ovaries to stimulate the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles.
Q8. Which structure in the male gonad is responsible for the production of male gametes (spermatozoa)?
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Correct answer: C — Sertoli cells
Sertoli cells, located within the seminiferous tubules, are crucial for supporting sperm development (spermatogenesis).
Q9. Which hormone is primarily secreted by the testes in males to regulate spermatogenesis?
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Correct answer: A — Testosterone
Testosterone is the primary androgen produced by the Leydig cells in the testes, and it is the essential hormone for stimulating spermatogenesis in males.
Q10. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) axis is a classic example of which type of endocrine regulation?
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Correct answer: A — Negative feedback loop
The HPG axis operates via a negative feedback mechanism where the gonads influence the pituitary and hypothalamus to maintain hormonal balance.
Q11. Which organ in the male reproductive system is primarily responsible for the production of testosterone?
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Correct answer: A — Testis
The testes (testis) are the primary male gonads where testosterone is synthesized and secreted by the Leydig cells.
Q12. Which class of hormones is primarily responsible for the development and maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics in males?
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Correct answer: D — Androgens
Androgens, such as testosterone, are the primary male sex hormones responsible for the development of male reproductive traits and secondary sexual characteristics.
Q13. In the context of the endocrine system of the gonads, what is the main function of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)?
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Correct answer: A — Stimulating the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles
FSH stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles in females and spermatogenesis in males.
Q14. Which gland in the male reproductive system is primarily responsible for the production of androgens (like testosterone)?
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Correct answer: A — Testes
The testes (testes) are the primary endocrine glands responsible for producing androgens, which are essential sex hormones in males.
Q15. In females, the primary source of estrogen and progesterone is the:
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Correct answer: D — Ovaries
The ovaries (ovaries) contain the follicles which produce the primary female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone.
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