NEET Chemistry: Organic Chemistry: Basic Principles Practice Questions
14 free multiple-choice questions on Organic Chemistry: Basic Principles for NEET Chemistry, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more Organic Chemistry: Basic Principles questions in the app →Q1. The stability of a carbocation is significantly increased by the presence of adjacent α-hydrogens. This stabilization mechanism is known as:
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D — Hyperconjugation
Hyperconjugation is the stabilizing interaction between the empty p-orbital of the carbocation and the adjacent filled sigma (σ) bonding orbitals of the C-H bonds.
Q2. Which of the following types of radicals generally exhibits greater stability due to hyperconjugation?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D — Tertiary alkyl radicals
Tertiary alkyl radicals are generally more stable than primary or secondary alkyl radicals because they can stabilize the unpaired electron via greater hyperconjugation from adjacent C-H bonds.
Q3. Which of the following stabilizing effects is transmitted primarily through the sigma bonds of the carbon chain, resulting from the difference in electronegativity between adjacent atoms?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B — Inductive effect
The inductive effect (I effect) is the transmission of charge through sigma bonds due to the differential electronegativity of the atoms in a molecule.
Q4. Which term describes molecules that have the same molecular formula but different connectivity, leading to different IUPAC names?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B — Isomer
Isomers are molecules sharing the same molecular formula but having different structural arrangements or connectivity, which results in different IUPAC names.
Q5. Which type of bond fission leads to the formation of free radicals?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B — Homolytic fission
Homolytic fission is the process where a covalent bond breaks symmetrically, resulting in the formation of two free radicals, each possessing an unpaired electron.
Q6. Which characteristic is common to all members of a homologous series?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A — Similar chemical properties
Members of a homologous series share a common functional group and exhibit similar chemical properties due to the continuous variation in the length of the carbon chain.
Q7. Which type of bonding is primarily responsible for the formation of the backbone structure in saturated hydrocarbons?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D — Sigma (σ) bonding
Saturated hydrocarbons (like alkanes) are characterized by single bonds, and the overall structure is stabilized by sigma (σ) bonds, which form the main framework.
Q8. The structural isomerism that arises from compounds having the same molecular formula but different connectivity is known as:
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B — Constitutional Isomerism
Constitutional isomerism (or structural isomerism) refers to compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements or connectivity.
Q9. The classification of organic compounds based on the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) within the chain is related to which functional group family?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D — Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes and Ketones are functional groups defined by the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to at least one hydrogen atom.
Q10. In a molecule where carbon atoms exhibit sp hybridization, what is the resulting molecular geometry?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A — Linear
sp hybridization results in two equivalent sigma bonds and two unhybridized p-orbitals, leading to a linear geometry.
Q11. The primary source of the inductive effect in organic molecules is the:
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B — Unequal sharing of electrons in σ bonds
The inductive effect arises from the unequal sharing of electron density in σ bonds due to the difference in electronegativity between adjacent atoms.
Q12. Compounds having the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements are called:
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D — Isomers
Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements (connectivity).
Q13. In an alkyl chain, which of the following substituents generally exerts a stronger negative inductive effect (-I effect)?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D — Halogen group
Electronegative atoms (like Halogens) withdraw electron density, leading to a stronger negative inductive effect (-I) compared to alkyl groups, which donate electron density (+I).
Q14. Which of the following compounds exhibits the strongest inductive withdrawal effect?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B — CH₃F
Electronegativity dictates the inductive effect; Fluorine (F) is the most electronegative element, leading to the strongest electron withdrawal via the σ bond.
Keep going — practice on Padhai Karlo
Padhai Karlo gives you unlimited NEET practice: chapter-wise questions, timed quizzes, and full mock tests with an All-India Rank — free to start.
Get the free Android app →