NEET Chemistry: Dual nature of matter Practice Questions
15 free multiple-choice questions on Dual nature of matter (Atomic Structure) for NEET Chemistry, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. Which property of matter demonstrates the wave nature of particles, implying that particles can exhibit wave-like behavior?
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Correct answer: A — Momentum
The de Broglie hypothesis states that matter exhibits wave-particle duality, meaning particles possess both particle and wave characteristics. Momentum is the property directly linked to the wave nature (via wavelength).
Q2. The wave nature of matter is described by which hypothesis introduced by Louis de Broglie?
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Correct answer: A — Matter waves hypothesis
De Broglie proposed that all matter exhibits wave-like properties, relating the particle properties (momentum) to wave properties (wavelength), which is the foundation of matter's dual nature.
Q3. In the context of wave-particle duality, what property describes the wave nature of matter?
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Correct answer: B — De Broglie wavelength
The De Broglie wavelength (λ= h/p) describes the wave property associated with a particle's momentum, illustrating its wave nature.
Q4. Which statement correctly describes the classical vs. quantum view regarding the nature of matter?
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Correct answer: B — Classically, matter is purely particulate with definite position and momentum.
Classically, matter is treated as localized particles. Quantum mechanics introduces the wave nature, meaning matter possesses wave properties in addition to particle properties.
Q5. What is the primary physical entity associated with the dual nature of matter that exhibits wave-like properties?
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Correct answer: D — Photons
Photons (the quantum of light) are the entity that exhibits wave-particle duality. Light, being electromagnetic radiation, demonstrates both wave properties (like interference) and particle properties (as photons).
Q6. If the frequency of a wave describing a particle is doubled, how does the associated wavelength change, assuming the speed remains constant?
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Correct answer: D — It is halved
Since λ= c/f (where c is the constant speed), if the frequency (f) is doubled, the wavelength (λ) must be halved.
Q7. If we observe the diffraction pattern produced by matter waves, what principle is being demonstrated?
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Correct answer: D — The principle of superposition for waves.
Diffraction patterns are a classic demonstration of wave behavior. Matter waves, being wave phenomena, follow the rules of wave interference and diffraction when interacting with barriers.
Q8. The quantization of energy, where energy is absorbed or emitted in discrete packets, is a consequence of which concept in atomic structure?
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Correct answer: C — Planck's quantum theory
Planck's quantum theory introduced the concept that energy is quantized, meaning it exists in discrete packets (quanta).
Q9. The energy of a photon is directly related to its frequency according to which principle?
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Correct answer: C — Planck's relation
Planck's relation establishes the relationship between the energy (E) of a photon and its frequency (v), which is fundamental to the quantization of energy.
Q10. If the momentum of a particle is p, what is the corresponding wavelength (λ) associated with its matter wave? (where h is Planck's constant)
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Correct answer: B — λ= h/p
According to the De Broglie relation, the wavelength (λ) is inversely proportional to the momentum (p): λ= h/p.
Q11. The de Broglie wavelength associated with a particle is given by the formula h/p, where h is Planck's constant and p is the momentum of the particle. This relationship fundamentally demonstrates the dual nature of matter. What physical quantity is directly proportional to the wavelength of a particle?
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Correct answer: C — Momentum
The de Broglie wavelength (λ) is inversely proportional to the momentum (p). Since p=mv, λ= h/(mv). Therefore, the wavelength is directly related to the momentum of the particle.
Q12. The phenomenon that directly demonstrates the particle nature of light as energy packets is known as:
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Correct answer: C — Photoelectric effect
The photoelectric effect demonstrates that light behaves as discrete energy quanta (photons) when interacting with matter, confirming the particle aspect of light.
Q13. Which of the following statements best describes the wave nature of matter according to de Broglie?
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Correct answer: A — Matter exhibits wave-particle duality
The core idea of de Broglie is that all matter, including particles, has both wave and particle characteristics (wave-particle duality).
Q14. Which physical quantity is associated with the energy of a photon when it interacts with matter?
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Correct answer: C — Momentum
The energy of a photon (E=hf) is directly related to its frequency (f). The energy of the interaction is fundamentally defined by the relationship involving Planck's constant (h) and the frequency/wavelength.
Q15. Which of the following phenomena is a direct consequence of the wave-particle duality of light?
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Correct answer: C — Photoelectric effect
The photoelectric effect, where light interacts with matter by ejecting electrons, is a classic demonstration of the particle nature of light (photons) acting on matter, directly illustrating the wave-particle duality concept.
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