NEET Biology: Microbes in human welfare Practice Questions
9 free multiple-choice questions on Microbes in human welfare (Biotechnology and Its Applications) for NEET Biology, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. Lactic acid bacteria are essential for the production of which food items consumed widely in human diet?
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Correct answer: D — Dairy products like curd and cheese
Lactic acid bacteria are crucial for the production of fermented dairy products such as curd (yogurt) and cheese, which are widely consumed for human welfare.
Q2. The presence of various microbes in the environment helps in nutrient cycling. Which statement best describes the importance of these microbial activities for human welfare?
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Correct answer: B — They regulate the flow of nutrients in the ecosystem.
Decomposers and other microbes are vital for nutrient cycling (e.g., nitrogen cycle), ensuring that essential elements are available for plant life and sustaining the overall ecosystem that supports human life.
Q3. Which microbe plays a vital role in breaking down organic waste and purifying water in environmental bioremediation processes?
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Correct answer: D — Sludge bacteria
Specific bacteria living in wastewater and soil (sludge bacteria) are utilized for the biological treatment and purification of environmental waste.
Q4. Which microorganism plays a significant role in synthesizing various industrial enzymes used in the food and textile industries?
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Correct answer: A — Fungi
Fungi are widely utilized in industrial biotechnology for producing enzymes (like amylase and cellulase) that are crucial for industrial processes.
Q5. In the context of food processing, which type of bacteria is commonly used for the production of yogurt and cheese?
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Correct answer: B — Lactobacillus spp.
Lactic acid bacteria (like Lactobacillus) are essential for fermenting milk into yogurt and cheese, adding flavor and texture.
Q6. Which group of microbes plays a vital role in controlling plant diseases by suppressing pathogenic organisms?
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Correct answer: A — Biocontrol agents
Biocontrol agents, often beneficial bacteria or fungi, are used to manage and control plant diseases by competing with or inhibiting pathogens.
Q7. Biogas production from animal dung and organic waste relies on the metabolic activity of which type of microorganisms?
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Correct answer: A — Aerobic bacteria
Anaerobic bacteria are essential for the process of anaerobic digestion, which is the basis for biogas production.
Q8. Which group of microorganisms is essential for the production of antibiotics like Penicillin?
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Correct answer: C — Fungi
Penicillin was discovered through the mold (fungus) *Penicillium* by Alexander Fleming, highlighting the role of fungi in antibiotic production.
Q9. In the context of human health, which microbes are commonly used to produce probiotics for gut health?
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Correct answer: A — Lactic acid bacteria
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are commonly used to produce probiotics, which help maintain a healthy gut microbiota in humans.
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