NEET Physics: energy in S H M Practice Questions
10 free multiple-choice questions on energy in S H M (Oscillations and Waves) for NEET Physics, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. At the equilibrium position of an oscillating mass, what is the value of its potential energy?
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Correct answer: A — Zero
Since potential energy is defined relative to a reference point (usually the equilibrium position), the potential energy at the equilibrium position is zero.
Q2. In Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), the total mechanical energy of the oscillating particle is:
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Correct answer: D — The sum of Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy
The total mechanical energy in SHM is the sum of the kinetic energy (KE) and the potential energy (PE). This energy is conserved throughout the motion.
Q3. If the amplitude of oscillation is halved, the maximum kinetic energy achieved during the motion will be:
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Correct answer: D — One-fourth
Since maximum kinetic energy (Kₘₐₓ) is proportional to A² (Kₘₐₓ ∝ A²), if the amplitude A is halved (A' = A/2), the new maximum kinetic energy will be (A/2)² = A²/4.
Q4. At the extreme positions of Simple Harmonic Motion, the kinetic energy of the oscillating body is:
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Correct answer: D — Half the total energy
At the extreme positions (amplitude A), the velocity is momentarily zero, so the kinetic energy is zero. However, the potential energy is maximum. The kinetic energy is zero at these points. (Note: This tests the understanding of K and U relationship at endpoints, not the maximum K point).
Q5. Which quantity remains constant for a particle undergoing SHM, assuming no external driving force?
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Correct answer: A — Total Mechanical Energy
In an ideal SHM without non-conservative forces, the total mechanical energy (Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy) is conserved and remains constant.
Q6. The energy of a mass undergoing SHM is directly proportional to which physical quantity?
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Correct answer: B — Amplitude of oscillation
The total energy stored in the oscillation is directly proportional to the square of the amplitude (E ∝ A²).
Q7. In a simple harmonic motion, the ratio of the maximum kinetic energy to the total energy of the system is:
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Correct answer: C — 1/4
The total energy of a system undergoing SHM is directly proportional to the square of the amplitude of oscillation (E ∝ A²).
Q8. For a particle undergoing SHM, if its amplitude is doubled while the mass remains constant, how does its total mechanical energy change?
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Correct answer: B — It is quadrupled
The total energy E is proportional to A² (E ∝ A²). If the amplitude is doubled (A' = 2A), the new energy is E' = 1/2 m ω² (2A)² = 4 × (1/2 m ω² A²) = 4E.
Q9. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the energy in SHM?
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Correct answer: D — C Total mechanical energy is proportional to the square of the amplitude.
Since E = ½kA², the total mechanical energy is proportional to the square of the amplitude. Kinetic and potential energies are related sinusoidally to each other, not fixed at the mean position.
Q10. Which expression represents the total energy of a mass m executing SHM with angular frequency ω and amplitude A?
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Correct answer: D — 1/2 m ω² A²
The total energy (E) in SHM is given by the formula E = 1/2 m ω² A², which represents the sum of the kinetic and potential energy components.
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