NEET Chemistry: Heat capacity Practice Questions
10 free multiple-choice questions on Heat capacity (Chemical Thermodynamics) for NEET Chemistry, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. In an isolated system undergoing a process, the change in internal energy (ΔU) is related to the heat supplied (Q) and the change in volume (ΔV) by which equation?
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Correct answer: B — ΔU = Q - W
For an isolated system, the First Law of Thermodynamics states that the change in internal energy is equal to the heat supplied to the system minus the work done by the system (ΔU = Q - W).
Q2. The heat capacity of a substance is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of the substance by one degree. If the heat capacity of a substance depends on the nature of the chemical bonds within it, this dependence is related to:
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Correct answer: A — the specific heat capacity
The heat capacity of a substance is an intrinsic property that depends on the internal structure and energy required to change its temperature. The specific heat capacity (c or C) relates heat absorbed to temperature change for a unit mass.
Q3. The specific heat capacity of a substance is defined as the heat required to raise the temperature of one unit of mass of the substance by one degree Celsius. If the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/kg·K, what is the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 K?
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Correct answer: D — 4200 J
Specific heat capacity is the heat required per unit mass. If the specific heat capacity is 4200 J/kg·K, then 1 kg of water requires 4200 J/K of heat to raise its temperature by 1 K.
Q4. For an ideal gas undergoing a process where the volume is kept constant (isochoric process), the heat absorbed is directly proportional to:
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Correct answer: D — the heat capacity
In an isochoric process (constant volume), the heat absorbed (Q) is directly related to the change in internal energy (ΔU), and since Q = ΔU for reversible processes, and ΔU is dependent on Cᵥ and temperature, the heat absorbed is proportional to the heat capacity (Cᵥ) and the temperature change.
Q5. If the heat capacity of a system is C, what is the change in internal energy if the temperature changes by ΔT and the process is isothermal?
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Correct answer: C — ΔU = C ΔT
For systems where heat capacity is constant, the change in internal energy is given by ΔU = C ΔT. This is a direct application of the definition relating heat capacity and temperature change.
Q6. Which of the following quantities is defined as the heat capacity of a system, representing the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the system by one degree Celsius?
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Correct answer: A — Heat Capacity
Heat capacity (C) is fundamentally defined as the amount of heat energy required to change the temperature of a substance by a specific amount (usually one unit of temperature change).
Q7. The heat capacity of a system is the property that measures the system's ability to absorb heat and cause a change in its temperature. If the heat capacity of a system is C₁, and the system is in thermal equilibrium, what is the relationship between the heat absorbed and the resulting temperature change?
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Correct answer: A — Heat absorbed is proportional to C₁ and ΔT
Heat absorbed (Q) is directly proportional to the heat capacity (C₁) and the change in temperature (ΔT): Q = C₁ · ΔT.
Q8. If a system has a heat capacity C, and the heat absorbed is Q, which equation correctly relates these quantities, assuming a temperature change ΔT?
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Correct answer: C — Q = C · ΔT
The heat absorbed (Q) is directly proportional to the heat capacity (C) and the change in temperature (ΔT): Q = C · ΔT.
Q9. The heat capacity of a perfect crystalline solid is generally given by which relationship?
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Correct answer: A — C = 3/2 n R
For a solid, the heat capacity is proportional to the number of atoms (n) and the molar gas constant (R). For a solid, C = 3/2 n R (where n is the number of atoms).
Q10. The molar heat capacity of a substance is the heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of the substance by one Kelvin. Which unit is commonly used for molar heat capacity?
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Correct answer: B — Joule/mole (J/mol)
Molar heat capacity is the heat capacity associated with one mole of substance. Since heat is energy and temperature is measured in Kelvin, the SI unit for molar heat capacity is Joule per mole (J/mol).
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