NEET Physics: conduction Practice Questions

Correct answer: C — Heat is transferred by the direct collision and vibration of adjacent particles.

In solids, conduction occurs due to the vibration and collision of adjacent atoms/molecules, allowing kinetic energy (heat) to be passed along the material structure.

Correct answer: D — Thermal Conductivity

Thermal conductivity (or thermal conductivity, k) is the measure of a material's ability to conduct heat. A higher value means the material conducts heat more easily.

Correct answer: B — Vibrations of the atoms in the lattice

Thermal conduction in solids primarily occurs through the propagation of vibrational energy (phonons) through the rigid lattice structure of the material.

Correct answer: C — The ability of a material to conduct heat

Thermal conductivity (λ or k) quantifies how effectively a material can transfer thermal energy when subjected to a temperature gradient.

Correct answer: C — Lattice vibrations

In solids, heat conduction occurs primarily through the transfer of kinetic energy via the vibrations of the constituent atoms in the regular lattice structure.

Correct answer: D — Free electrons

Electrical conduction in metals is due to the movement of delocalized (free) electrons that are not bound to any specific atom in the crystal lattice.

Correct answer: D — Wood

Wood is an insulator because its molecular structure restricts the free movement of thermal energy, making it a poor conductor compared to metals.

Correct answer: B — Wood

Materials like wood and air are generally poor thermal conductors (insulators) because they have weak bonds or low mobility of heat carriers.

Correct answer: C — Molecular movement (convection)

In liquids, heat is transferred primarily through the movement of the molecules themselves, which results in bulk movement known as convection, along with molecular collisions.

Correct answer: D — Thermal Conductivity

Thermal conductivity is the property that measures how effectively a material can conduct heat from one region to another.

Correct answer: B — Copper

Metals, especially copper, are excellent thermal conductors because they possess a high density of free electrons that facilitate rapid heat transfer.

Correct answer: A — Conductors

Electrical conduction depends on the mobility of charge carriers. Conductors allow charge carriers (like electrons) to move easily, whereas insulators strongly resist this flow.

Correct answer: D — Random collisions of lattice vibrations

In solids, heat conduction is primarily due to the transfer of kinetic energy through the vibration of the lattice structure (phonons) and the movement of free electrons.

Correct answer: B — The rate of conduction is directly proportional to the cross-sectional area of the material.

According to Fourier's Law of Heat Conduction, the rate of heat flow (conduction) is proportional to the area through which the heat is transferred and the temperature gradient across that area. Thus, for a fixed temperature difference, the conduction rate is directly proportional to the cross-sectional area.

Correct answer: B — Insulators

Insulators are materials that offer very high resistance to the flow of thermal energy, meaning heat conduction is very poor through them.