NEET Chemistry: Covalent Bonding Practice Questions
14 free multiple-choice questions on Covalent Bonding (Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure) for NEET Chemistry, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. What is the shape of the molecule of water (H₂O)?
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Correct answer: D — Bent
The central Oxygen atom has two bonding pairs and two lone pairs (four electron domains). According to VSEPR theory, the molecular geometry is bent.
Q2. Which type of bond is characterized by the overlap of atomic orbitals along the internuclear axis?
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Correct answer: C — Sigma (σ) bond
Sigma (σ) bonds are formed by the end-to-end overlap of atomic orbitals along the internuclear axis, forming the strongest component of a covalent bond.
Q3. A bond between two atoms is considered polar if the difference in electronegativity between them is:
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Correct answer: A — Large
A large difference in electronegativity (greater than a threshold value) indicates unequal sharing, leading to a polar bond.
Q4. In a diatomic molecule like H₂, the bond is formed by:
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Correct answer: C — Sharing of electrons
Diatomic molecules form covalent bonds through the sharing of electrons.
Q5. Which statement correctly describes a covalent bond?
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Correct answer: A — Sharing of electrons between atoms.
A covalent bond is formed by the mutual sharing of valence electrons between atoms.
Q6. In a molecule, the bond order is defined by the number of shared electron pairs. For a triple bond, how many electron pairs are shared between the two bonded atoms?
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Correct answer: B — Three pairs
A triple bond implies that three pairs of electrons are shared between the two participating atoms.
Q7. Which of the following correctly describes the nature of a covalent bond?
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Correct answer: C — It arises from the mutual sharing of valence electrons between atoms.
Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share their valence electrons to achieve a stable configuration, resulting in mutual sharing.
Q8. The bond formed between two atoms with very different electronegativities is likely to be:
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Correct answer: C — Polar covalent
When there is a significant difference in electronegativity (typically > 0.4 to 1.7), the bond exhibits partial ionic character, making it polar covalent.
Q9. When two atoms form a bond, the bond length is inversely related to the bond order. If the bond order increases, what happens to the bond length?
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Correct answer: D — Decreases
Higher bond order means more shared electrons, leading to stronger attraction and a shorter equilibrium bond length.
Q10. In the molecule of CH₄, the hybridization of the central carbon atom is:
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Correct answer: D — sp³
Methane (CH₄) has four sigma bonds and no lone pairs around the central carbon, resulting in sp³ hybridization.
Q11. In a structure where atoms share electrons unequally, the resulting bond is classified as which type of covalent bond?
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Correct answer: D — Polar covalent
When there is an unequal sharing of electrons due to different electronegativities, the bond is polar covalent.
Q12. Which type of covalent bond is characterized by the largest shared electron density between two atoms?
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Correct answer: B — Sigma (σ) bond
Sigma (σ) bonds result from the head-on overlap of atomic orbitals and involve the largest shared electron density.
Q13. In the structure of ammonia (NH₃), the geometry around the nitrogen atom is:
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Correct answer: A — Pyramidal
The nitrogen atom has three bonding pairs and one lone pair (four electron domains). This arrangement results in a pyramidal molecular geometry.
Q14. The molecular structure is determined by the arrangement of atoms and the nature of the covalent bonds, which dictates the shape of the molecule. This concept is primarily governed by:
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Correct answer: A — Valence Bond Theory
Valence Bond Theory, which deals with the formation and arrangement of covalent bonds, is fundamental to determining molecular structure.
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