NEET Physics: Capacitors and energy storage Practice Questions
13 free multiple-choice questions on Capacitors and energy storage (Electrostatics) for NEET Physics, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.
Practice thousands more NEET questions in the app →Q1. If the charge stored in a capacitor is Q, and the potential difference across it is V, how is the capacitance C related to Q and V?
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Correct answer: C — C = Q/V
By definition, capacitance is the ratio of the charge (Q) stored on the plates to the potential difference (V) between the plates, so C = Q/V.
Q2. What is the energy stored in a capacitor?
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Correct answer: B — 1/2 CV²
The energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by the formula U = 1/2 CV², where C is the capacitance and V is the potential difference across the capacitor.
Q3. When capacitors are connected in parallel, which quantity remains the same for each capacitor in the combination?
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Correct answer: A — Potential Difference
When capacitors are connected in parallel, the potential difference (voltage) across each capacitor remains the same as the source voltage. This is the defining characteristic of a parallel connection.
Q4. In a parallel arrangement of capacitors, how is the equivalent capacitance calculated?
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Correct answer: A — Sum of individual capacitances
For capacitors connected in parallel, the equivalent capacitance (C₍eq)) is the algebraic sum of the individual capacitances: C₍eq) = C₁ + C₂ + C₃ + ...
Q5. If the potential difference across a capacitor is doubled while the charge remains constant, how does the stored energy change?
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Correct answer: D — It is quadrupled
The energy stored is given by E = 1/2 C V². If V is doubled and C is constant, the new energy is E' = 1/2 C (2V)² = 4 (1/2 C V²) = 4E. The energy is quadrupled.
Q6. If two capacitors C₁ = 4μF and C₂ = 6μF are connected in series, what is the equivalent capacitance?
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Correct answer: C — 2.4μF
For capacitors in series, 1/(C₍eq)) = 1/C₁ + 1/C₂. 1/(C₍eq)) = 1/4 + 1/6 = (3+2)/12 = 5/12. C₍eq) = 12/5 = 2.4μF.
Q7. What is the fundamental physical quantity that defines the ability of a capacitor to store charge?
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Correct answer: A — Capacitance
Capacitance (C) is the measure of the ratio of the charge stored on a capacitor to the potential difference (voltage) across its plates. It is the fundamental property defining its storage capability.
Q8. What is the physical quantity that represents the ability of a capacitor to store charge at a given potential difference?
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Correct answer: B — Capacitance
Capacitance (C) is defined as the ratio of the charge (Q) stored on the plates to the potential difference (V) between the plates (C=Q/V).
Q9. What is the unit of capacitance in the SI system?
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Correct answer: C — Farad
Capacitance is the ratio of charge to potential difference (C = Q/V). The SI unit for capacitance is the Farad (F).
Q10. What is the SI unit of capacitance?
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Correct answer: D — Farad
The SI unit of capacitance is the Farad (F).
Q11. Capacitance is a property of the capacitor. What physical quantity does capacitance fundamentally relate?
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Correct answer: C — Charge and Potential difference
Capacitance is defined as the ratio of the charge (Q) stored on the plates to the potential difference (V) between them: C = Q/V.
Q12. If the voltage across a capacitor is kept constant, the energy stored in it is directly proportional to:
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Correct answer: D — The square of the capacitance
The energy stored is E = 1/2 C V². If V is constant, E ∝ C. Therefore, the energy stored is directly proportional to the capacitance.
Q13. If two identical capacitors are connected in parallel, how does the total capacitance change?
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Correct answer: D — It doubles
For capacitors in parallel, the total capacitance is the sum of individual capacitances, which leads to an increase if the components are identical.
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