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NEET Physics: Matter waves and de Broglie relation Practice Questions

11 free multiple-choice questions on Matter waves and de Broglie relation (Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation) for NEET Physics, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.

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  1. Q1. Which concept fundamentally links the classical momentum of a particle to its associated wave property (matter wave)?

    • AEnergy quantization
    • BPlanck's relation for photons
    • CRelationship between momentum and wavelength
    • DHeisenberg Uncertainty Principle
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: C — Relationship between momentum and wavelength

    The de Broglie relation establishes the direct link between the particle's classical momentum and the wave's characteristic wavelength.

  2. Q2. Which physical quantity is directly related to the de Broglie wavelength of a particle?

    • AParticle's momentum.
    • BParticle's speed.
    • CParticle's energy.
    • DParticle's rest mass.
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: A — Particle's momentum.

    The de Broglie wavelength (λ) is inversely proportional to the momentum (p). Momentum is defined as p=mv, making momentum the most direct link to λ.

  3. Q3. Which of the following statements best describes the core implication of the de Broglie relation (λ= h/p) in the context of matter waves?

    • AThe momentum of a particle is directly proportional to its wavelength.
    • BThe relationship only applies when the particle is moving at relativistic speeds.
    • CMatter exhibits wave-like properties, meaning particles possess associated wavelengths, analogous to waves.
    • DThe wavelength of a particle is determined solely by the Planck's constant and the energy of the system.
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: C — Matter exhibits wave-like properties, meaning particles possess associated wavelengths, analogous to waves.

    The de Broglie relation establishes the wave nature of matter. It implies that particles, which usually are viewed as point-like entities, also have an associated wavelength (λ), demonstrating their wave-particle duality.

  4. Q4. The de Broglie hypothesis states that matter exhibits wave-like properties. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the momentum of a particle and its associated matter wave?

    • AThe momentum is directly proportional to the wavelength of the particle's wave.
    • BThe wave nature is inversely proportional to the particle's rest mass.
    • CThe relationship is independent of the particle's speed.
    • DThe wavelength of the particle's wave is directly proportional to the particle's momentum.
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: D — The wavelength of the particle's wave is directly proportional to the particle's momentum.

    The de Broglie relation mathematically links momentum (p) to wavelength (λ) via the equation p = h/λ. This implies that momentum and wavelength are inversely proportional (i.e., if momentum increases, wavelength decreases). Thus, the wavelength of the matter wave is directly proportional to the momentum of the particle.

  5. Q5. If the momentum of a particle is zero, what is the value of its de Broglie wavelength?

    • AInfinite
    • BPlanck's constant
    • CUndefined
    • DZero
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: A — Infinite

    If momentum p=0, then λ= h/0, which results in an infinite wavelength.

  6. Q6. The de Broglie wavelength (λ) associated with a particle is directly proportional to which physical quantity?

    • AMomentum of the particle
    • BMass of the particle
    • CVelocity of the particle
    • DEnergy of the particle
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: A — Momentum of the particle

    De Broglie wavelength is given by λ= h/p, where h is Planck's constant and p is momentum. Therefore, λ is inversely proportional to momentum, but directly proportional to h. In the context of the choices, the relationship is directly tied to momentum (p).

  7. Q7. For a particle, if its momentum is doubled, what happens to its associated de Broglie wavelength?

    • AIt is quadrupled
    • BIt is halved
    • CIt remains the same
    • DIt is doubled
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: B — It is halved

    Since λ= h/p, if momentum (p) is doubled, the wavelength (λ) must be halved.

  8. Q8. In the context of the de Broglie hypothesis, the relationship between the momentum of a particle and the wavelength of its associated matter wave is inversely proportional to which constant?

    • AElementary charge
    • BGravitational constant
    • CSpeed of light
    • DPlanck's constant
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: D — Planck's constant

    The de Broglie relation links momentum and wavelength through Planck's constant (h). Momentum (p) and wavelength (λ) are inversely proportional to h.

  9. Q9. The existence of matter waves implies that particles behave as spatially extended entities. This extension is directly related to which aspect of the particle's motion?

    • AIts charge
    • BIts energy
    • CIts rest mass
    • DIts momentum
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: D — Its momentum

    The spatial extent of the matter wave is governed by the particle's momentum, which is the key link established by the de Broglie postulate.

  10. Q10. Planck's constant (h) has units of:

    • AJoule-second
    • BJoule
    • CWatt
    • DNewton
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: A — Joule-second

    Planck's constant (h) has the unit of action, which is Joule-second (J·s).

  11. Q11. The de Broglie wavelength is inversely proportional to which physical quantity of the particle?

    • AMomentum
    • BKinetic Energy
    • CAngular Momentum
    • DRest Mass
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: A — Momentum

    The de Broglie wavelength (λ) is given by λ= h/p, where h is Planck's constant and p is the momentum. Therefore, wavelength is inversely proportional to momentum.

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