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NEET Biology: Nervous system in humansperipheral nervous system and visceral nervous system Practice Questions

12 free multiple-choice questions on Nervous system in humansperipheral nervous system and visceral nervous system (Neural Control and Coordination) for NEET Biology, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation. Attempt a question, then reveal the solution to check your reasoning.

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  1. Q1. Which division of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is primarily responsible for transmitting sensory information from the sensory receptors in the body to the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

    • AAutonomic Division
    • BSomatic Division
    • CMotor Division
    • DSensory Division
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: D — Sensory Division

    The Sensory Division of the PNS is dedicated to collecting information about the internal and external environment via sensory receptors and transmitting this information to the CNS.

  2. Q2. Which division of the Autonomic Nervous System prepares the body for 'fight or flight' response?

    • AParasympathetic Nervous System
    • BEnteric Nervous System
    • CSympathetic Nervous System
    • DSomatic Nervous System
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: C — Sympathetic Nervous System

    The Sympathetic Nervous System is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response, increasing heart rate and blood pressure.

  3. Q3. The signals that relay commands from the brain to the effector organs (muscles and glands) are typically carried by which type of nerve fibers?

    • ASensory-Motor fibers
    • BInterneurons
    • CSensory fibers
    • DMotor fibers
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: D — Motor fibers

    Motor fibers (efferent neurons) carry signals away from the CNS to the muscles and glands, initiating a response.

  4. Q4. Which part of the nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body?

    • APeripheral Nervous System (PNS)
    • BCentral Nervous System (CNS)
    • CCerebellum
    • DSpinal Cord
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: B — Central Nervous System (CNS)

    The Central Nervous System (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, is responsible for processing information, while the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) transmits signals to and from the CNS.

  5. Q5. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is broadly divided into two main parts. What structures primarily constitute the PNS?

    • ASensory neurons and motor neurons
    • BSomatic and visceral divisions
    • CCentral neurons and autonomic nerves
    • DBrain and spinal cord
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: A — Sensory neurons and motor neurons

    The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is composed of all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. It is fundamentally made up of sensory neurons (carrying input) and motor neurons (carrying output).

  6. Q6. Which structure in the peripheral nervous system is a cluster of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system?

    • ABrain stem
    • BCranial nerves
    • CSpinal cord
    • DSpinal nerves
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: D — Spinal nerves

    Spinal nerves are the primary components of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that branch out from the spinal cord and form the connection between the CNS and the rest of the body.

  7. Q7. Which division of the PNS is responsible for controlling voluntary movements of skeletal muscles?

    • AVisceral nervous system
    • BSomatic nervous system
    • CAutonomic nervous system
    • DSympathetic division
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: B — Somatic nervous system

    The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements, primarily by innervating skeletal muscles.

  8. Q8. In the context of the PNS, what is the primary function of efferent neurons?

    • ATo transmit signals from the CNS to effectors
    • BTo process sensory information
    • CTo transmit signals to the CNS
    • DTo receive sensory input
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: A — To transmit signals from the CNS to effectors

    Efferent neurons carry motor commands from the CNS to muscles and glands (effectors).

  9. Q9. Which layer of the peripheral nervous system consists of autonomic ganglia that control smooth muscles and glands?

    • ASensory division
    • BSomatic division
    • CVisceral division
    • DSympathetic division
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: C — Visceral division

    The visceral division of the PNS is characterized by visceral ganglia that control the smooth muscles and glands of the viscera.

  10. Q10. Nerves that branch out from the brain and spinal cord are known as:

    • ASensory Nerves
    • BSpinal Nerves
    • CMotor Nerves
    • DCranial Nerves
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: D — Cranial Nerves

    Cranial nerves originate from the brain, and spinal nerves originate from the spinal cord. Both form the major components of the Peripheral Nervous System.

  11. Q11. The transmission of signals involving the control of bodily functions occurs via which major system?

    • AReflex System
    • BSomatic System
    • CSensory System
    • DAutonomic System
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: D — Autonomic System

    The autonomic nervous system manages the involuntary control over internal organ functions, which is a key function of the visceral control.

  12. Q12. Nerve impulses generated by sensory receptors are transmitted along which type of nerve fibers?

    • AMotor fibers
    • BAutonomic fibers
    • CSympathetic fibers
    • DSensory (afferent) fibers
    Show answer & explanation

    Correct answer: D — Sensory (afferent) fibers

    Sensory neurons are specialized to detect stimuli and transmit signals towards the CNS (afferent pathway).

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